Building construction



A. FRIEDLAND BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Flled June 2 1927 .flllllllllllllllll & 2 m MW v. s g 5 w B 2 z z 1 v May 29, 192 8.

A. FRIEDLAND BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Filed June 1927 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 f a,W////// jwezzQ or ra/Qavc m'ealza Patented May 29, 1928.

untrue srArEs ABRAHAM FRIEDLAND, 0F BENTON HARBOR, MICHIGAN.

" 1 BUILDING CONSTRUCTION.

Application filed June 2, 1927. Serial No. 195,993.

The invention relates to improvements in building construct-ion and moreparticularly tobuilding construction having walls and foundation builtof blocks of concrete, cement or any other desired material.

An object ofthe invention is to provide building blocks which arecapableof being laid in their proper positions and inter locked so as toeliminate the necessity of using mortar for holding the blocks in theirproper relative positions and which will provide Walls impervious torain, snow, dust and the like. v

Another object is to provide'simple and, economical means for fasteningthe interior frame-work of the building to-the walls and of tying thelayers of blocks together vertically. I

A further object is to generally improve building blocks and structuresof the class described.

'With the above andother objects in view, the invention consists in thetypicaldetails of construction and in the arrangement and combination ofparts hereinaftermore fully described and particularly pointed out. inthe appended claims.

In describing the invention in detail, ref- I erence will be had to theaccompanying drawings, wherein like characters of reference denotecorresponding parts in the several views, and in which;

Fig. 1 is an elevational and sectional view of a typical wall builtaccording to my invention; I

Fig. 2 is a plan view of atypical wall and the framing connectionsfastened thereto;

Figs. 3 and 1 are perspective views of blocks as assembled toform acorner construction;

Fig. 5 is a View indicating the method of assembling and placing theblocks in their proper relative positions at the cornerof a building;

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of a typical intermediate block;

-Fig. 7 is a section taken along a horizontal plane through a typicalintermediate block;' 7.

Figs. 8 and 9 are detail views of portion of the typical intermediateblocks; Fig. 10 is an elevational view showing the details ofconstruction about window and door openings;

Fig. 11 is a sectional view along the line 1111 of Fig. 10;

F 12 is aper spective view of an alter native form of building block;and

Fig.'13 is a deta-il. perspective view or";

strap used as an alternative fastening means for the interior framework.

Referring to Figsl and 2 of the drawings, the walls are constructed of aplurality of interiorblocks 15 and of corner blocks 16, 17 and 18 showninperspective and to a larger scale inFigs. 3, 4L and 5 and 6 Each ofthe blocks hasa tongue 19 on its lower siveness and strength tothecorners of the building. Each blockis also providedjon one end with atongue 21 and on its opposite end Witha groove 22 adapted for a closefit and engagement with the corresponding tongues 21 and grooves 22 ofadjoining blocks. The tongues 19 and 21 and the grooves 20 and 22 areshown as substantially rectangular in cross-section, but it isunderstood that the invention is not limited to cross sections as 'shownbut may take any other desired section, curved or angular in itsboundaries. An alternative form of tongue and groove is describedhereafter and shown in Fig. 12. Subsidiary tongues 23 and grooves 24 areshown in the corner blocks 16, 17 and 18, and are useful assupplementing the larger tongue 19 and groove 20 in their function ofpreventing moisture being driven between the blocks. In the event'thatthe intermediate blocks 19 are made the same thickness as the cornerblocks, all of the blocks will be provided with the subsidiary tongues23 and groovcs'2 1. v

The interior faces of the blocks 15 are provided with vertical grooves25 at intermediate third points and'the corner blocks 16, 17 and 18 areprovided with corresponding grooves 25 similarly spaced relative to theend adjoining the intermediate blocks.

The intermediate blocks are made of the same length and are placed tobreak joints at their midpoints thus bringing the vertical grooves 25into alignment. The vertical grooves 25 are made sufficiently wide to receive a studding 28which is held in position therein by means offasteners 26. The fasteners 26 are provided preferably in every third orfourth layer of blocks as closer .block. An L-shaped bolt 27 is threadedintothe spindle and isturned until the outer end of the bolt engages andpresses the studding 28 into the grooves 25. The studding thereby servesto hold the horizontal layers of blocks together and to keep the wall intrue vertical alignment. Rafters 29 and joists 30 which connect thestudding 28 of opposite walls serve to tie the walls of the buildingtogether. 7 j

An alternative formof intermediate block 31 and fastener 32 are shown inFigs. 12 and 13 respectively. The block 31 is provided with air chambers33 which can be made of sufficient size to materially diminish thematerial required for the block. A groove for the upper face and atongue for the lower face can be provided if desired as for theintermediate blocks 15. The tongue 34 and groove 35 are bevelled forinterlocking with corresponding grooves and tongues in adjoining blocks.The sections of tongue and groove shown for interlocking are typicalonly and may be made of any desired style or shape adapted forinterlocking engagement of adjacent blocks in the same layer. Only onegroove 25 is shown in the block 31 and that is positioned at the middle.Two grooves 25 may be provided, one for each third point. A strap 32preferably of metal, is cast with the block 31, the strap beingdistorted as shown to insure safe anchorage in the block. The projectingend of the strap 32'is fastened to the studding 28 by nails or the likedriven through holes 37 provided for that purpose in the outer end ofthe strap. a

The grooves 20 in the upper facesof the upper layer of blocks areadapted to receive a nailing strip 38 to which. a plate 29 can befastened as best shown in Figs. 1 and 2 The joists 30 can be fastened tothe plate 29 by means of nails or the like.

The blocks of my invention are of especial advantage for connecting doorand window frames 43 thereto, requiring for this purpose special blocks,40, having grooves 20 in both their upper and lower faces forpositionfastened to the nailing strips 42 by spikes or any other desiredmeans. The special blocks 40 and 41 for window and door openings arebest shown in Figs. 10 and 11. The door and window frames are thussecurely fastened to the wall in a. simple and economical manner.

7 Thus it will be seen that my invention provides-a mortarless walladapted to keep out the elements and toeffectively' lock together. theblocks comprising thewall and to tiethe opposite walls together as wellas providing simple andeifective means for mounting door and windowframes therein.

I claim: i f 1.. A block of the class described having a vertical grooveformed on its inner face adapted to receive a timber and meansadjacentthe vertical groove adapted to fasten the timber to the block, saidmeans comprising an interiorly threaded spindle em bedded in the blockand an L' bolt adapted for threading into the spindle.

2. Building construction comprising walls built up of blocks of theclass described, said blocks being of uniform size and laid inhorizontal layers to break joints at the middle thereof, saidblockshaving a pair of vertical grooves on their inner face one positioned ateach third point studding positioned'in said vertical "grooves, meansfor fastening said studding to said blocks,,said

The special 7 means comprising a member embedded in said block adjacentto the grooves, and means for connecting said embedded member to saidstudding. j

3. Building construction comprising walls built up of blocks of theclass described. said blocks being of uniform size and laid inhorizontal layers to break'joints at the mid} dle thereof, said blockshaving a pair of ver; tical grooves on their inner face one positioned.at each third point, studding positioned in said vertical grooves andmeans for fastening said studding to said blocks, said means comprisingan interiorly threaded spindle embedded in thebl.ock adjacent to one ofsaid grooves, and an L bolt adapted for threading into the spindle; I 4.Building construction comprising walls built up of blocks of the classdescribed, said blocks being laid in horizontal tiers to break joints atthe middle thereof, said tially embedded in the block With its problockshaving a pair of vertically extending jecting end adapted for movinginto conrectangular grooves on their inner face, one tact with theexposed edge of'the studding 10 positioned at each third point, studdingpofor thepurpose described.

5 sitioned in said grooves and projecting there- In testimony whereof Iafiix my signature.

from and means for fastening said studding in said grooves comprising amember par- ABRAHAM F RIEDLAND.

